Every facility has different water quality and operating regimes. Runpar designs plant-specific blends matched to water chemistry and construction materials (e.g., steel, copper, aluminum, stainless steel). Results: ✅ Maximum reduction of scale ✅ Lower corrosion rates ✅ Effective control of algae/biofilm ✅ Longer service life for cooling and boiler assets

Runpar uses premium-grade actives comparable to global benchmarks, selecting components that perform in the field and minimize environmental impact, such as:

- Produced under GHS safety framework - Complete Safety Data Sheets (SDS) - Thai–English labels and instructions - Batch control to ensure consistent formulation every lot - QC prior to delivery: pH, active %, density, conductivity, stability tests

H3: “Actives–Functions–Typical Dosages” for Anti-Scale (Scale), Anti-Corrosion (Corrosion), and Anti-Biofouling (Biofouling) — across Cooling Towers, Boilers, Heat Exchangers, and Chilled/Closed Loops

Baseline all-organic/Low-P package — example single-product composition: - PBTC 5–10% (threshold antiscalant) - HEDP/ATMP total 3–8% (scale + mild corrosion aid) - AA/AMPS or PAA 20–35% (dispersant/antiscalant) - Azole (BTA/TTA) 0.5–2% (copper protection) - Zinc (as Zn²⁺) 0.5–2% (optional; drop for P-free/metal-free) - Tracer (PTSA/fluorescent) 5–20 ppm in use solution for dose monitoring Initial dose: 50–150 ppm (as product) to achieve 3–8 ppm actives (phosphonate + polymer) in bulk water. In parallel: - Oxidizing biocide (Cl/Br/BCDMH/ClO₂): maintain 0.2–0.8 ppm residual or ORP 650–800 mV - Non-oxidizing biocide (e.g., Isothiazolinone 1.5/3.0% or DBNPA 20%): shock 50–150 ppm 1–2×/week - Biodispersant: 5–20 ppm weekly when biofilm observed - pH control using NaOH or H₂SO₄ per LSI/scale–corrosion risk Environmental note: Many sites restrict phosphorus — favor Low-P or P-free programs (lower/no phosphonate; use copolymers/PBTC) and Metal-free (no Zn) to meet effluent limits.

Low–Medium Pressure Programs (≤40–60 barg) — Boiler Water - Phosphate: TSP/DSP for Ca/Mg precipitation control (soft sludge) - Polymer dispersant: PAA/AA-AMPS 5–20% in product to prevent scale/carryover - Alkalinity builders: NaOH/Na₂CO₃ to keep boiler water pH 10.5–11.8 (per pressure/materials) - O₂ scavenger: Catalyzed sodium sulfite 20–38% — maintain 20–60 ppm residual (low pressure) - Antifoam: Silicone emulsion 10–30% — as required Condensate/Steam: - Neutralizing amines: Morpholine, Cyclohexylamine, DEAE — adjust condensate pH 8.3–9.2 - Filming amines (FFPA/ODA blends): passivate condensate/steam lines; reduce CO₂ corrosion Higher pressures: reduce/avoid sulfite; switch to DEHA/Carbohydrazide/Erythorbate; avoid EDTA/NTA; use phosphate-polymer or AVT/OT per OEM/power-plant standards.

Classic Nitrite–Borate–Molybdate + Azole Program - Nitrite: 300–1200 ppm as NO₂⁻ (do not use with chlorine/bromine) - Molybdate: 50–250 ppm as primary or supplemental film inhibitor - Borate: buffering/corrosion suppression (maintain pH 8.5–10.0) - Silicate: protective film on ferrous metals in some formulas - Azole (BTA/TTA): 0.5–3 ppm active for copper/brass protection - Biocide: Non-oxidizing (isothiazolinone, THPS, glutaraldehyde) 20–100 ppm periodically; shock if high counts - Glycol loops: 25–50% EG/PG + inhibitor package (e.g., nitrite–silicate–azole) adapted to Al, Cu, Fe

Acid descalers - General/safer: Sulfamic 5–10%, Citric 5–10% + Inhibitor 0.2–1% + surfactant/wetter - Heavy carbonate scale: Inhibited HCl 5–10% + appropriate corrosion inhibitor + indicator (titration/pH shift) - Stainless/Aluminum: Citric/Phosphoric with Al-safe inhibitor (avoid HCl/HF) Rust cleaning / Passivation - Phosphoric 5–15% + inhibitor + surfactant (convert rust to ferric phosphate) - Tannic acid (rust converter) as an option Process steps: Alkaline degrease → Rinse → Neutralize (0.5–1% NaOH/Na₂CO₃) → Passivation shot (e.g., sodium nitrite + borate 500–800 ppm for steel) after acid clean Safety: Always include a suitable acid inhibitor, control temperature/time/flow velocity, verify compatibility with elastomers/gaskets, and handle wastewater per regulations.

Note: These are general design ranges — adjust to water quality (Ca, M-alk, SiO₂, TDS), COC, temperature, materials, environmental rules, and site test results.

- PBTC 8% - HEDP 5% - AA/AMPS copolymer (40% solids) 30% - PAA (50% solids) 10% - TTA (tolyltriazole 50%) 2% (~1% active) - Tracer (PTSA) 0.1% - Water/solvent/stabilizers to balance Initial dose: 80–120 ppm (as product) targeting ~6–8 ppm total actives

- Sodium nitrite 25% - Sodium molybdate 10% - Sodium borate 5% - Silicate 3% - Tolyltriazole 1% (active) - Surfactant/Wetter 0.2% Initial charge: 1–2% v/v of system volume, then maintain NO₂⁻ 600–800 ppm, Mo 100–150 ppm

- Sodium phosphate (TSP/DSP mix) 15% (as PO₄³⁻) - PAA (50%) 10% - NaOH 5% (buffer/alkalinity) - Catalyzed sodium sulfite 25% (or separate O₂ scavenger product) Targets: PO₄³⁻ 20–50 ppm, Sulfite 20–60 ppm, pH 10.5–11.8 per OEM

- Isothiazolinone “1.5/3.0” (1.5–3.0% active in product) → 50–150 ppm (slug) - DBNPA 20% → 50–100 ppm (2–4 h contact) - Glutaraldehyde 20–25% → 50–150 ppm (depends on biofilm) - THPS 50–75% → 50–200 ppm (effective vs. SRB/MIC in closed loops)

- Cooling Towers (typical): pH 7.5–8.5, conductivity per COC, balanced Ca-hardness/alkalinity to limit LSI, free halogen 0.2–0.8 ppm or ORP 650–800 mV, low SS/Fe, azole residual 0.5–1.5 ppm after dosing - Boilers: per pressure/materials — TA/PA, PO₄³⁻, very low Fe/Cu in steam, DO in ppb - Closed/Chilled: pH 8.5–10.0, NO₂⁻ 300–1200 ppm (if used), Mo 50–250 ppm, azole top-ups after drains/repairs, MIC monitoring

1.Copper/Yellow metals: ensure azole is present; avoid excessive Cl₂/Br₂ near Cu HX (no harsh shocks) 2.Aluminum: beware high pH and strong oxidizers — choose Al-safe programs 3.Effluent limits: minimize P, Zn, AOX — consider P-free / Zn-free / non-halogen programs 4.Acid cleaning: always use inhibitor, spot-test first, isolate from Al/Cu if using HCl, ensure neutralization + passivation 5.Safety: PPE, ventilation, dosing pumps, ORP/pH interlocks, secondary containment, complete GHS labels/SDS

- Analyze make-up/CT/boiler/closed waters (Ca, Mg, M-Alk, T-Alk, pH, TDS, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, SiO₂, Fe/Mn, DO) - Calculate COC/LSI/RSI/SI to set phosphonate–polymer balance - Choose Low-P / P-free if P-restricted; remove Zn where metals are limited in effluent - Specify two biocides (oxidizing + non-oxidizing) plus biodispersant for biofilm control - Prepare SOPs for dosing/startup/passivation/acid clean/rinse/neutralize - Install online pH/ORP/conductivity, PTSA tracer monitoring; log weekly at minimum